Middle East | Immigration | Escalation of conflict between Israel and Iran—impact on mobility and guidance


June 23, 2025

Immigration

Middle East | Escalation of conflict between Israel and Iran—impact on mobility and guidance

Summary

Tensions between Israel and Iran continue to escalate, prompting a range of travel and immigration-related responses across the Middle East and beyond. Governments have adjusted consular operations, issued travel advisories, and introduced humanitarian immigration measures.

In the UAE, visa flexibility has been extended to affected nationals, while multiple airlines have suspended or rerouted flights to mitigate security risks. The UK and EU member states have begun precautionary evacuations of diplomatic staff and citizens, and restrictions on border crossings from Iran have increased. The situation remains fluid, with potential for further disruption to mobility, air travel, and immigration processing across the region. Travelers and employers with mobile workforces are advised to remain alert to developments and monitor official guidance closely.

The detail

Key immigration and mobility updates

United Arab Emirates

The UAE has announced a waiver of overstay fines for Iranian residents and visitors who are unable to depart due to flight suspensions or border restrictions. This measure applies through the end of 2025 and is aimed at mitigating the immigration impact on individuals affected by the evolving crisis. Tourist visa extensions may be granted on a case-by-case basis for nationals from Lebanon, Jordan, and other directly impacted countries. Travelers are encouraged to apply for extensions in a timely manner.

Border crossings and exit from Iran

With Iranian airspace currently closed, foreign nationals seeking to exit the country must consider limited overland routes. Border entry requirements and diplomatic support vary by nationality, and conditions can change without notice. The UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), the US State Department, and other foreign ministries have issued updated guidance for their citizens currently in Iran.

Key exit routes from Iran

  • Iran-Turkey: Travelers must obtain facilitation support in advance via the British Embassy in Ankara. US citizens are also advised to consider land exit options via Turkey, where feasible, and to consult travel.state.gov for coordination support.
  • Iran-Armenia: British nationals may enter visa-free for up to 180 days, but must confirm current conditions before proceeding. US citizens should consult respective embassies for country-specific entry guidance.
  • Iran-Azerbaijan: This route requires pre-registration with Azerbaijani authorities and a valid visa. Due to the regional situation, this crossing remains high risk and access is not guaranteed.
  • Iran-Turkmenistan: Travelers must secure special permission from Turkmenistan authorities in advance, typically coordinated through the British Embassy in Ashgabat. Entry is contingent on presenting confirmation of a flight departing Turkmenistan within 24 hours.

Additional guidance

  • United States: The US State Department continues to advise US citizens to depart Iran by land where possible. Limited consular assistance may be available through embassies in neighboring countries.
  • Australia: The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade has temporarily withdrawn staff from its Tehran Embassy, with services being provided remotely. Australians are advised to depart Iran immediately via land borders and register with Smartraveller for ongoing updates.
  • Singapore: The Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) continues to strongly advise against all travel to Iran. Singaporean citizens currently in Iran should make arrangements to depart as soon as practicable and register with the MFA.

Border controls remain under the authority of Iranian officials and may shift without prior announcement. The FCDO, US State Department, DFAT, and MFA all stress that conditions may deteriorate rapidly. Foreign nationals should not assume that ports of exit will remain open, and should consult their respective embassies for real-time support. In addition, foreign nationals still in Iran are urged to make contingency plans and monitor official travel advisories closely.

Government-led evacuations

United Kingdom

The UK has temporarily withdrawn diplomatic staff from Iran, and evacuated family members of diplomatic personnel from Israel. The UK Embassy in Tehran continues to operate remotely, with limited services for British nationals.

The FCDO has announced that it is preparing evacuation flights for British nationals in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories (OPTs), due to rising security concerns and the potential for airspace closure. While commercial flights remain available in some areas, overland routes are increasingly insecure, and airport access may be compromised with limited notice. British nationals are strongly urged to:

China

China has evacuated more than 1,600 nationals from Iran, utilising overland exit through Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Turkey, followed by chartered flights to China. In Israel, Chinese nationals have been evacuated via land crossings into Egypt, with further movements coordinated by the Chinese Embassy in Tel Aviv.

Japan

Japan has evacuated 87 nationals and dependents. Convoys were arranged via ground transport with embassy assistance. Two Japan Air Self-Defense Force aircraft are stationed in Djibouti and remain on standby for further evacuations if necessary.

EU member states

Countries including Switzerland, Slovakia, and Bulgaria have conducted evacuations of their citizens from Israel, and Ireland has evacuated its citizens from Israel and Iran. Several EU governments have issued advisories urging their citizens to depart while commercial options are still available, warning that airspace disruptions could escalate.

Air travel and operational disruptions

The conflict has triggered widespread air travel disruptions across the region since our last alert on 17th June:

  • Over the weekend, airlines including British Airways, Flydubai, United Airlines, Singapore Airlines, and Air France suspended or rerouted flights to and from Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Jordan, Qatar, Syria and the UAE. Some flights are due to resume, but travellers are advised to check the latest with their airlines.
  • UAE carriers have extended suspensions to a number of countries, including Georgia and Azerbaijan citing operational risk following US strikes.
  • Iranian airspace is fully closed, impacting commercial and cargo transit across multiple flight corridors.
  • The UK has issued a warning about potential disruptions at Beirut’s Rafic Hariri International Airport, citing nearby hostilities and an increased risk of airstrikes in southern suburbs of the capital.

Travelers across the region should expect sudden cancellations, flight rerouting, and airport access restrictions. Confirm flight status and destination entry requirements before departure.

Regional travel advisories

Governments have issued or expanded regional advisories to reflect heightened risks:

  • Iran: UK advises against all travel. Embassy operations are remote. High risk of detention for British citizens and dual nationals.
  • Lebanon: Active hostilities reported; risk of airstrikes in Beirut suburbs. Airport disruptions possible.
  • Iraq, Yemen, Afghanistan, Syria: Armed conflict, consular limitations, and high insecurity along borders.
  • Gulf States (Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Jordan): UK urges increased caution due to risk of spillover and instability.

Travelers should consult national advisories regularly and avoid unnecessary overland travel in border regions without coordination from consular authorities.

Suggested actions

  • Employers with personnel in Iran, Israel and neighbouring countries should urgently review evacuation protocols, mobility restrictions, and consular access.
  • Impacted individuals should:
    • Register with embassies or consulates;
    • Confirm visa and residency status;
    • Monitor official sources for updated instructions and evacuation opportunities.
  • Overland exit from Iran must be coordinated with embassies and is subject to change at short notice. Independent travel carries significant legal and security risk.

Travelers across the region should expect:

  • Sudden route closures,
  • Airspace restrictions or shutdowns, and
  • Reduced or suspended consular services.

Vialto Support

The Israel-Iran conflict is volatile, and further escalation could severely impact mobility throughout the region. Vialto Partners remains actively engaged with real-time developments, supporting clients through updated guidance, crisis response planning, and mobility assessments.

Vialto Partners’ Crisis Management team is closely tracking developments in coordination with our global immigration and mobility experts. We are available to support:

  • Emergency travel and evacuation guidance
  • Strategic redeployment planning and visa pathway analysis
  • Direct liaison with immigration and consular authorities
  • Ongoing alerts and updates as the situation evolves

We encourage clients to stay vigilant and ensure preparedness for rapid decision-making, especially where employee safety and immigration continuity may be impacted along with their family members.

Contact us

For a deeper discussion on the above, please reach out to your Vialto Partners point of contact, or alternatively:

Sharan Kundi
Partner – Global Immigration Lead

Anir Chatterj
Partner

Hugo Vijge 
Director

Rekha Simpson 
Director

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